Friday, April 10, 2020

Goh Keng Swee - Wikipedia Pallbearers For Lee Kuan Yew

April 10, 2020

Goh Keng Swee - Wikipedia Pallbearers For Lee Kuan Yew

Goh Keng Swee - Wikipedia

Goh Keng Swee Robert, for a quarter of a century.

Born in and Singapore).

From 1945 onwards he worked for the Department of Social Welfare, eventually rising to become its director. In 1958 he resigned from the Civil Service to work full-time for the (1979–80, 1981–84).

Following his retirement from politics, Goh continued to be active in public life, serving as deputy chairman of the (from 1995).

In 1972, Goh was the recipient of the (Order of Temasek), First Class, Singapore's highest civilian honour. He was also made the first Distinguished Fellow of the Economic Development Board Society in 1991.

Goh was diagnosed with bladder cancer in September 1983 and he retired from politics in December 1984. He kept a low profile but remained active with various organisations where he served on the board or as an adviser. After he married Phua Swee Liang in 1991, the couple travelled widely to places such as Australia and Hawaii. However, a series of strokes in the late 1990s and early 2000s took a heavy toll on him. He was bedridden in his final years and died on 14 May 2010.

Early years, education and career[]

Goh Keng Swee was born in

, where Goh Keng Swee spent six years studying (1948–51, 1954–56), photographed in January 2005

Goh won a scholarship which enabled him to further his studies at the

Political career[]

Pre-independence[]

Goh was a key member of the PAP's Central Executive Committee, and later became its vice-chairman. Goh successfully contested the

In the 1960s, there were great pressures from communist agitators working through Chinese-medium schools and trade unions. Divisions existed within the PAP as well, with a pro-Communist faction working to wrest control of the party from the moderate wing, of which Goh and Lee Kuan Yew were key members. A key source of division was the issue of merger with Malaya to form a new state of Malaysia. Goh and his fellow moderates believed this was a necessary condition for Singapore's economic development because Malaya was a key economic hinterland; merger would also provide an alternate vision against Communism for Singapore's Chinese majority. In July 1961, 16 members of the pro-Communist faction broke away from the PAP to form the , and captured control of the main trade unions.

Federation of Malaysia[]

The Singaporean government won approval from

Post-independence[]

Minister of the Interior and Defence (1965–1967)[]

Upon independence in 1965, Goh relinquished his finance portfolio and became , a mandatory conscription system for able-bodied young males.

Minister of Finance (1967–1970) and Minister of Defence (1970–1979)[]

He was again Finance Minister between 17 August 1967 and 10 August 1970,

Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore (1973–1984)[]

On 1 March 1973,

Other contributions[]

Government of Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC)[]

In 1981, Goh expressed the view that the central bank need not hold large amounts of cash in reserve to defend the currency, proposing that the

Defence Science Organisation (DSO)[]

In 1971, Goh put together the Electronic Warfare Study Group, a team of newly graduated engineers who had excelled in their university studies that was headed by Dr.

Cultural, sports and recreational[]

Goh was also responsible for projects that sought to improve Singaporeans' cultural and leisure life, such as the In 1968, Goh encouraged the establishment of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Goh was also instrumental in introducing opened in 1991.

Later life[]

After retirement from politics, Goh continued to be active in public life, serving as Deputy Chairman of the

Personal life[]

In 1986, Goh separated from his first wife Alice. In 1991, he married his former Ministry of Education colleague Dr. Phua Swee Liang (

Death[]

On 14 May 2010, Goh died in the early morning at his home in Dunbar Walk off

Awards and honours[]

In 1966, Goh was made an Honorary Fellow of the LSE. In 1972 he was the recipient of the

Published works[]

The Economic Front: From a Malayan Point of View. Singapore: Government Printers. 1940. ..
Urban Incomes & Housing: A Report on the Social Survey of Singapore, 1953–54. Singapore: [Department of Social Welfare]. 1956. ..
Techniques of National Income Estimation in Under-developed Territories, with Special Reference to Asia and Africa [Unpublished PhD thesis, University of London, London School of Economics, 1956]. London: University of London Library, Photographic Section. 1978. ..
This is How Your Money is Spent [Budget statement by Goh Keng Swee, Minister for Finance; Towards Socialism, vol. 3]. Singapore: ..
Some Problems of Industrialisation [Towards Socialism; vol. 7]. Singapore: Government Printing Office. 1963. ..
Communism in Non-Communist Asian Countries. Singapore: Printed by the Government Printing Office for the ..
.. Later editions:
- The Economics of Modernization. Singapore: Federal Publications. 1995. ..
- The Economics of Modernization. Singapore: ..
Some Problems of Manpower Development in Singapore [Occasional publication (Singapore Training and Development Association); no. 1]. Singapore: Ad Hoc Publications Sub-committee, Singapore Training & Development Association. 1974. ..
Some Unsolved Problems of Economic Growth [Kesatuan lecture; 1]. Singapore: Kesatuan Akademis Universiti Singapura. 1976. ..
The Practice of Economic Growth. Singapore: Federal Publications. 1977. .. Later edition:
- The Practice of Economic Growth. Singapore: Federal Publications. 1995. ..
Goh, Keng Swee; Education Study Team (1979). Report on the Ministry of Education 1978. Singapore: Printed by Singapore National Printers. ..
Goh, Keng Swee (1995). Low, Linda (ed.). Wealth of East Asian Nations: Speeches and Writings. Singapore: Federal Publications. ]
1. (PDF) from the original on 29 August 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2019.
References[]

"From civil servant to PAP stalwart". (Saturday). 15 May 2010. p. D2..

Nur Dianah Suhaimi (16 May 2010). His work was his passion: The late Goh Keng Swee showed brilliance even when he was a child. . Singapore. p. 10..

"Parliament pays respects". The Straits Times. 18 May 2010..

Tien, Jenny Mui Mun (8 October 2002). ]
Books[]

Austin, Ian Patrick (2004). Goh Keng Swee and Southeast Asian Governance. Singapore: ..

Desker, Barry; Kwa, Chong Guan, eds. (2011). Goh Keng Swee – A Public Career Remembered. Singapore: ..

Doshi, Tilak; Coclanis, Peter (1999). "The Economic Architect: Goh Keng Swee". In Lam, Peng Er; Tan, Kevin (eds.). Lee's Lieutenants: Singapore's Old Guard. St. Leonards, N.S.W.: ..

Kuah, Adrian (2007). UnChartered territory: Dr Goh Keng Swee and the ST Engineering Story. Singapore: Published for ..

Kwok, Kian-Woon (1999). "The Social Architect: Goh Keng Swee". In Lam, Peng Er; Tan, Kevin (eds.). Lee's Lieutenants: Singapore's Old Guard. St. Leonards, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin. pp. 45–69. ..

Nair, E. Shailaja (2008). The Master Sculptor: Goh Keng Swee [Great Singapore Stories. Founding Fathers.] Singapore: SNP Editions. ..

Ngiam, Tong Dow (2006). A Mandarin and the Making of Public Policy: Reflections by Ngiam Tong Dow. Singapore: ..

Ooi, Kee Beng (2010). In Lieu of Ideology: The Intellectual Biography of Goh Keng Swee. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ..

Tan, Siok Sun (2007). Goh Keng Swee: A Portrait. Singapore: ..

Yeo, Siew Siang (1990). Tan Cheng Lock, the Straits Legislator and Chinese Leader. Petaling Jaya, Selangor: Pelanduk Publications. ]
on 26 May 2010..

on 26 May 2010..

on 26 May 2010..

Goh, Ken-Yi (24 May 2010). "A caring, selfless grandfather: Eulogy by grandson Goh Ken-Yi". The Straits Times. p. A10.. See also Zul Othman (24 May 2010). on 26 May 2010..

Hui, Marian (24 May 2010). "He motivated me to pursue my dreams: Excerpt of eulogy by Grand-niece Marian Hui". The Straits Times. p. A8..
Letters of condolence[]

Lee, Hsien Loong (15–16 May 2010). on 16 May 2010..

on 16 May 2010..

on 22 June 2011..

]
Chang, Rachel; Cai, Haoxiang; Kor, Kian Beng (15 May 2010). "Ex-MPs recall a fearsome technocrat: A strict taskmaster who didn't suffer fools, but he was never brusque". . p. A8..

"Leaders salute 'this marvellous man'". The Straits Times. 15 May 2010. p. A4..

S. Ramesh (15–16 May 2010). on 18 May 2010..

"Goh Keng Swee: Passing of a colossus [editorial]". The Straits Times. 22 May 2010. p. A32..

Balji, P.N. (22–23 May 2010). on 30 May 2010..

Devan, Janadas (23 May 2010). "Simply sincere: Dr Goh's simple yet eloquent writing style showed desire to reach out to ordinary people". The Sunday Times. Singapore. p. 35..
External links[]

on 1 April 2013

WWII Unknown Soldier - Tomb Of The Unknown Soldier Pallbearers For The Unknown Soldier

krikasue

April 10, 2020

WWII Unknown Soldier - Tomb Of The Unknown Soldier Pallbearers For The Unknown Soldier

Starting with the by Japan. The next day, the U.S. declared war on the Axis powers. This would be a two front war, posing a serious challenge.

European Theater

Soon the U.S. invaded North Africa, jumped into Sicily and Anzio, pushed onto Rome and the soft underbelly of Europe. On June 6, 1944, .

Pacific Theater

After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Japanese quickly sought to take Midway, Guam and Wake Island. The U.S. Navy had to quickly get the fleet back into the fight, and aircraft carriers became one of the key weapons. There were many famous battles during this campaign. The U.S. launched the " would show the world the determination of the U.S.

On August 6 and 9, 1945, the U.S., ordered by President (V-J Day) is celebrated on September 2, when the surrender document was signed in Tokyo Bay.

Following the war, there was growing interest in having an unknown soldier from WWII laid to rest at (ANC). On September 6, 1945, a bill providing for the interment in (ANC) of a WWII unknown was introduced in Congress by the Honorable Melvin Price of Illinois. The measure was approved in June 1946 as Public Law 429, 79th Congress. It directed the Secretary of War to return a WWII unknown soldier from overseas and to arrange for his burial with appropriate ceremonies near or beside the WWI Unknown Soldier buried in ANC. The original date set for the interment was Memorial Day, May 30, 1951.

On 10 November 1950, after the outbreak of hostilities in Korea, President Truman approved the recommendation that the intement of the WWII unknown soldier be postponed until it appeared advisable to revive the matter. This did not take place until after the Korean War came to an end in 1953 and now that war was over, the U.S. decided to select and bury an unknown from both WWII and the .

Since WWII was primarily fought in two theaters, there needed to be a selection of candidates from both theaters. The unknown candidate from the Pacific Theater (Trans-Pacific) would be selected at Hickam Air Force Base in Hawaii, while the unknown candidate from the European Theater (Trans-Atlantic) would be selected at Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in France. After each selection was made, the final selection would be made off the U.S. coast.

Trans-Pacific Unknown Candidate

After the war, all U.S. unknowns from the Pacific Theater were buried in two locations; the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific in Hawaii or in the Fort McKinley American Cemetery and Memorial in Republic of the Philippines. A total of six candidates would be chosen from these locations, four from the Philippines and two from Hawaii. The final selection of the Trans-Pacific unknown candidate would be made on May 16, 1958.

Prior to this date, the appropriate candidates had to be brought to Hawaii from the Pacific Theater. The process for selecting the final candidates was completed in the following manner: numbers from the grave markers of six completely unidentifiable servicemen had been recorded on cards and sealed in unmarked envelopes; from these six envelopes, two were selected by drawing and subsequently were taken to the Army Mortuary in Honolulu; there the remains were examined to assure the absence of identity, and were prepared for the final selection ceremony. Also, four caskets had been chosen in the same manner at Fort McKinley, and had arrived at Hickam AFB on April 29, 1958 by U.S. Air Force transport.

The grassy mall at the base of the water tower at Hickam Air Force Base was chosen as the site of the selection ceremony. Honor and color guards from all the U.S. Armed Forces participated in the services. At the U.S. Army Mortuary the six unknown candidates were placed in identical caskets, in readiness for the final selection ceremony. All records pertaining to the unknown servicemen, both overseas and at home, were assembled and destroyed to prevent future speculation about the selected candidate.

The sky on May 16 was overcast, with clouds moving gently over Hickam and adjacent Pearl Harbor, the scenes of the first attack of WWII. After participating military personnel, invited guests and the public had taken their places, the ceremony began. Under a canopied area, the six U.S. flag-draped caskets were flanked by honor and color guards from the U.S. Armed Forces. In the center of the lawn stood an empty bier, destined to receive the honored casket after the final selection. On the bier a white carnation had been placed.

Colonel Glenn T. Eagleston, of the 313th Air Division, U.S. Air Force, a combat pilot with an impressive record in both WWII and the Korean War, had been designated to select the unknown candidate to represent the Pacific Theater. Colonel Eagleston lifted the lei from the empty bier, approached the six caskets under the canopy, and after a few seconds hesitation, placed the lei on one of the caskets. Accompanied by a muted roll of drums, military pallbearers then carried the Trans-Pacific unknown candidate to the waiting bier. Air Force Chaplain Colonel Howell G. Gum delivered a prayer of dedication, at the conclusion of which the National Anthem was played.

Trans-Atlantic Unknown Candidate

Selection of the Trans-Atlantic unknown candidate was conducted on May 12, 1958 at the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in France . A suspension-span, white wooden canopy was erected at the cemetery, appropriately draped with red, white and blue bunting and equipped with floodlights.

The weather in France seemed to mirror that in Hawaii, with overcast skies. The 13 caskets were moved and placed on catafalques beneath the white canopy at the north end of the cemetery's Court of Honor. The caskets, draped with U.S. flags, overlooked a long grassy mall that terminated at a flagpole on which the U.S. flag flew at half-staff. Flanking the mall on either side were the white crosses and stars of David of the U.S. military dead. Honor and color guards from each of the U.S. Armed Forces entered the cemetery, and took their place facing the 13 caskets.

U.S. Army Major General Edward Joseph O'Neil, was designated to make the selection of the Trans-Atlantic unknown candidate. MG O'Neil moved briskly to a position near the bottom of the steps in front of the canopy-area, saluted the row of caskets, and bowed his head as the Chaplain offered a prayer of guidance. MG O'Neill then ascended the steps diagonally and walked slowly past the caskets, momentarily pausing in front of each casket. Next he descended the steps to his original position and faced the mall as his aide came forward with the selection wreath of red and white carnations, in the form of a white star on a crimson field against an evergreen background. MG O'Neill again ascended the steps, moving slowly to the fifth casket from the east. After standing the wreath in front of this casket, he stepped back and saluted. The ceremony concluded with the rendering of Taps, the U.S. National Anthem, and benediction.

Final Selection

The U.S. Navy was given the responsibility of selecting one of the two unknown candidates. Once the two candidates had been selected, they were transported to a location off the east coast of the U.S. for the final selection ceremony aboard the USS CANBERRA. By this time, the Korean War Unknown had been selected and joined both WWII candidates. The ceremony took place on May 26, 1958. One by one, the three teams of pallbearers, their steps in time to the measured cadence of Chopin's "Funeral March," carried the three caskets up to the rain-swept ceremonial area on the after-lower-missile deck. Each team of pallbearers was guarded by a U.S. Marine, with rifles carried at port arms.

With the sky-pointed as backdrops, the caskets were placed in a row with the WWII unknown candidates on either side of the Korean War Unknown. Behind them, the U.S. Armed Forces Color Guard team strained to keep their colors erect against the wind. On either side of the USS CANBERRA rode the attending ships, the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter INGHAM rolling gently at starboard and the USS BLANDY to port.

Hospital Corpsman First Class , the U.S. Navy's only active duty recipient of the Medal of Honor (for actions during the Korean War), was designated to make the final selection of the WWII unknown. To the soft roll of drums, HM1 Charette marched briskly to the foot of the caskets, picked up the selection wreath of carnation, a white star in a red field, faced the caskets, saluted, and returned to the head of the biers. For a short time he stood silent, looking first to the left and then to the right. HM1 Charette, after first moving to the left, turned and walked to the casket on his right, placed the wreath carefully at the head, stepped back and saluted. With the final selection made, the caskets of the WWII and Korean War Unknowns were transferred back onto the USS BLANDY.

The unknown candidate not selected, still aboard the USS CANBERRA, was readied for was sounded by a U.S. Navy bugler, ending the ceremony.

With the final selection completed, the WWII and Korean War Unknowns then began the final journey to ANC.

On May 26, 1958, the two Unknowns, who were to be buried in ANC, were loaded onto the USS BLANDY, escorted by the USS INGHAM, was released to proceed up the Potomac to Washington, D.C. After anchoring overnight off Piney Point, Maryland, the USS BLANDY and INGHAM proceeded up the Potomac on the morning of May 27, 1958. As they moved past , the ship's crew manned the rail according to tradition. A bell tolled, the ensign was lowered, and Taps was rendered over the Potomac as the sailors stood at attention. Shortly after noon the destroyer and the cutter arrived at the Naval Gun Factory to await the ceremonies planned for the following morning; then for the first time since the Unknowns had made the supreme sacrifice they would touch the soil of their U.S. homeland.

For the lying in state ceremony at the U.S. Capitol, the architect who had provided the catafalque for President also designed an identical second catafalque. The two crypts at the Tomb also had been completed. Plans for the interment ceremonies been completed in early May 1958, and between May 12th and 23rd, every ceremony and every administrative function had been rehearsed at least twice. Some phases, such as traffic and parking control, were rehearsed four times.

On May 27, 1958, at 12:35 P.M., the USS BLANDY arrived at the Naval Gun Factory. The caskets, accompanied by a joint honor guard, then were brought from below to the fantail ceremonial area in preparation for the reception ceremony the next day.

On May 28, 1958 troops and officials began to take stations for the ceremony. Aboard the USS BLANDY, sailors and officers manned the rail. At 9:25 A.M., as the U.S. Navy Band concluded the hymns, the two groups of pallbearers boarded the ship to transfer the caskets. Once in position, the band sounded four ruffles and flourishes, and then played hymns as the caskets were borne from the USS BLANDY. The WWII Unknown was taken ashore first. The caskets were carried to funeral coaches at the end of the pier and placed inside simultaneously. Following another salute, the procession departed.

The procession then moved up to the East Plaza of the . The pallbearers and color guard preceded the cortege to the Capitol, under separate police escort in order to arrive in time to meet the procession.

A joint honor cordon formed a corridor up the east steps to the Capitol rotunda. Inside the rotunda, standing six deep in a semicircle around the south end were many distinguished guests. The two catafalques were in the center of the rotunda.

As a hymn was played, the pallbearers removed the caskets from the funeral coaches and formed a column led by the clergy, with the WWII Unknown in front. The procession passed through the joint honor cordon at a slow cadence, and when it entered the rotunda divided to the right and left.

The pallbearers made a semicircle to the rotunda's far side then turned back to the catafalques in the center of the hall. The caskets were then placed on the biers and the pallbearers were dismissed. A Joint Guard of Honor (Death Watch) was then posted.

U.S. Vice President , and the Dean of the Diplomatic Corps, Dr. Guillermo Sevilla-Sacasa of Nicaragua, placed wreaths. Shortly after the wreath-laying ceremony ended, the public was admitted to the rotunda.

The Unknowns lay in state from May 28th to 30th. Tributes of flowers were accepted and arranged in the rotunda throughout this period. On May 29th, the caskets were switched so that the Korean War Unknown rested on the . At the same time, the catafalques were moved so that the WWII Unknown kept the senior position on the right.

On May 30th, the troops involved in the ceremonies started very early. Some 250 officers and men were to occupy fifty-one posts to cope with the 14,000 cars expected along the route and in ANC. The soldiers of the to keep the ceremonial area clear and later to direct movement from the amphitheater to the Tomb. Others manned a rope cordon along Roosevelt Drive, the route of the procession. In all, troops manned about six miles of rope. Medical aid was available during all phases of the ceremonies, due to the extreme heat. Four aid stations were set up, each staffed by a medical officer, nurse, and attendant and each equipped with supplies and an ambulance. Medics, in sedans, were to follow the procession to ANC to pick up and treat anyone who became ill in the ranks.

At 12:59 P.M., the U.S. Naval School of Music Band sounded attention. The pallbearers took up the caskets and, with the WWII Unknown leading, moved out of the rotunda. At the same moment, the saluting battery on the at ANC.

The procession halted at the top of the steps while the U.S. Navy Band sounded four ruffles and flourishes and then began a hymn. During the hymn the procession descended the steps and the caskets were secured to the caissons.

The Joint Armed Forces Color Guard took post ten paces ahead of the clergy, while the pallbearers stationed themselves three on each side of each caisson. The cortege then moved north from the plaza to join the escort of the procession on Constitution Avenue.

The full procession started toward ANC a few minutes after 1:00 P.M. Along the route was a joint honor cordon. When the procession arrived at ANC, the caissons, which had been moving abreast, shifted into a column led by the caisson bearing the WWII Unknown. As the caissons entered ANC through Memorial Gate, twenty jet fighters and bombers passed overhead with one plane missing from each formation.

After the audience was seated, the and the Korean War Unknown in front of Vice President Nixon.

After the caskets were situated, the Marine Band played the U.S. National Anthem. Following the invocation, a bugler sounded attention three times and a two-minute period of silence followed. President Eisenhower then arose and placed a Medal of Honor on each casket. As the funeral service was brought to a close, the Unknowns were taken to the Memorial Amphitheater Trophy Room. The Presidential party also withdrew to the Trophy Room, while the audience made its way to the Tomb Plaza for the committal.

There the procession halted while the Pershing's Own sounded four ruffles and flourishes. After this salute the procession descended the steps, and the pallbearers placed the caskets over the crypts. They then took hold of the U.S. flags that had draped the caskets and held them taut above the caskets.

The salute battery, from the Old Guard, then fired twenty-one guns. At the first round, the minute-gun battery on the Washington Monument grounds ceased firing. After the gun salute a firing party from the Old Guard fired the traditional three volleys followed by the rendering of Taps. The pallbearers then folded the U.S. flags and presented them to the President and Vice President, who in turn gave them to the ANC officials for safekeeping ^{and his assistant, F. A. Lockwood, lowered the caskets. The pallbearers stood behind a guide chain and saluted as the caskets were lowered into their respective crypts.}

The final act, not part of any planned ceremony, took place on June 2nd, 1958. On that date, each crypt was filled with a concrete slab and topped with white marble. The marble tops bore only dates: 1941-1945 for the WWII Unknown, and 1950-1953 for the Korean War Unknown. At the same time, the dates 1917-1918 for the were carved in the pavement in front of the Tomb.

Pallbearer Pallbearers Meaning In Marathi

krikasue

April 10, 2020

Pallbearer Pallbearers Meaning In Marathi

Before he became involved in the pallbearer ministry, Froehlich, the student from Detroit, remembers questioning the value of funerals.
Their daughter''s body, in a small coffin, was carried into the church by a single pallbearer. The order of service carried a picture of Eliza-Mae still wearing her hospital ID wrist band.
POIGNANT: Paul Sculthorpe, back left, was a pallbearer
He was recently a pallbearer at the funeral of legendary Scottish commentator Bill McClaren.
A BOWLS club president accused of claiming pounds 60,000 in disability benefits while he played his sport, acted as a pallbearer and running his own taxi business, told a jury the work was "therapeutic".
The presenter acted as pallbearer for Pat, 80, who won the hearts of the nation on the reality show with her no-nonsense advice and sausage plait.
Coordinator Tessa Bidgood added: "We have also been told that one of our ex-pupils was a pallbearer at Churchill's funeral in 1965."
A pallbearer collapsed and died by the freshly dug graveside of a teenager as his funeral service was taking place.
Sherlock, 33, who lives in a PS400,000 house in north Glasgow, was a pallbearer at Carroll's funeral.
Besides making me laugh (not something I was inclined to do after a long, sad day as a pallbearer for Meaghan, a 31-year-old victim of a brain tumor), it helped me appreciate our church's November nod to the dead.
He is asked to attend the funeral of a school friend he can barely remember and is persuaded to be a pallbearer and deliver the eulogy.
GUARDSMAN Paul Hewitt, of Anfield, Liverpool, was referred to as a pallbearer at the funeral of the Queen Mother (Daily Post, April 9).

When There Is A Cremation What Is The Pallbearers Role Since There Is No Casket.? | Yahoo Answers How Many Pallbearers Can You Have

krikasue

April 10, 2020

When There Is A Cremation What Is The Pallbearers Role Since There Is No Casket.? | Yahoo Answers How Many Pallbearers Can You Have

When my dad died, he was cremated but we had a viewing and a funeral with his casket and body there at the service.
The pallbearers were honorary, because they didn't have to move him. He stayed there to be cremated after we left.
Since there may not be a task for them to perform, you could recognize your pallbearers with boutenierres, this is what we did.

Glenn Frey's Friends Pay Tribute To The Eagles Co-Founder | Billboard Eagles Pallbearers

krikasue

April 10, 2020

Glenn Frey's Friends Pay Tribute To The Eagles Co-Founder | Billboard Eagles Pallbearers

Longtime friends and colleagues pay tribute to the Eagles co-founder, a fun-loving, hard-driving rock star with a genius for songcraft whose partnership with Don Henley turned California dreaming into the American dream

To hear longtime was the somewhat subtler presence within the band -- and blessed with the creamy tenor that was the Eagles' signature sound -- it was Frey who took charge of the act's career, he who set its rehearsal times and planned its set lists.

But it was also Frey who embodied the cocaine-cowboy swagger of 1970s Los Angeles, who sang the lead vocal on "Take It Easy," "Peaceful Easy Feeling," "Tequila Sunrise," "Already Gone," "Lyin' Eyes," "New Kid in Town" and "Heartache Tonight." Frey was a proper rock star, an ersatz outlaw with lissome blondes hanging off both arms. It was he who took his friend 's song "Take It Easy" and turned it into a footloose anthem of post-hippie hedonism. "Lighten up while you still can," he breezily counseled. "Don't even try to understand." It was Frey who drove the band from being longhaired wastrels at Los Angeles' fabled Troubadour club to selling out vast stadiums -- who took the garage-band grit of his native Detroit and injected it into the balmy milieu of laid-back L.A., pushing the Eagles to slough off their country-rock constrictions and eventually lay claim to the second-best-selling album of all time (Greatest Hits 1971-1975).

For a generation (or two) of American youth, the Eagles became the prism through which the old golden dream of Southern California was newly perceived. Just as Frey himself had pined for the Pacific Ocean and the Sunset Strip as he grooved to records back in the grimy Motor City, so now millions of teenagers fantasized about the sun-kissed bliss of Los Angeles as they swayed in their denim flares to "One of These Nights," "Best of My Love" and the ubiquitous meta-statement that was "Hotel California."

So why did Frey and Henley succeed where their stylistic forebears () did not? Because it never occurred to those acts that West Coast country rock could be fortified and marketed to Middle America as efficiently as any boy band, and because Frey and Henley knew that pop success depended on what they termed "song power" -- that the top 40 devil was in the micro-details of their smartly crafted compositions. "We bust our ass to make records," Frey told interviewer Tom Nolan in 1975. "We agonize over the lyric. We analyze every 'and' and 'the' and 'but.' "

As obsessively as any of the great Brill Building duos, these two slightly odd bedfellows -- with input from Browne, Bernie Leadon, Randy Meisner, Joe Walsh, Jack Tempchin and JD Souther (Frey's old partner in pre-Eagles duo Longbranch/Pennywhistle) -- relentlessly strove for pop perfection as they fine-tuned their chugging rockers and limpid ballads and polished their pristine canyon harmonies.

And if all that perfection struck some country-rock purists and punk-besotted critics as soulless and sterile, what did Frey and Henley care? They were living on a hilltop in Bel Air in a house that had belonged to Hollywood goddess Dorothy Lamour … at least until their cocaine consumption got out of hand and they began to drive each other crazy. In 1980, after the interminable gestation of The Long Run, the Eagles called it a day.

If Henley offered a superior post-Eagles solo résumé, Frey never grouched about it. He quit drugs, did some glossy acting and in later years seemed an altogether more contented soul. When the Eagles reunited and toured -- and toured -- he took his responsibilities seriously and was always in good voice. And the arenas were filled with teary-eyed baby boomers who sang along to every word.

"They were made to sell a million records," said Elliot Roberts, who once co-managed the group with new-mogul-on-the-block David Geffen. "They wrote to be huge." -- Barney Hoskyns

Barney Hoskyns is the editorial director of Rock's Backpages and author of Hotel California: The True-Life Adventures of Crosby, Stills, Nash, Young, Mitchell, Taylor, Browne, Ronstadt, Geffen, the Eagles and Their Many Friends.

'Big Balls and a Heart Full of Love'

A lot has been and will be written about my first songwriting partner and best friend in Los Angeles. His charisma, musical genius, discipline and relentless hustle were absolutely genuine. Glenn Frey believed in himself, his partners and the power of good music. I've never known anyone like him. He made my life more fun, more trouble and harder work than it had ever been before. I love him. Here is a story you haven't heard.

When Glenn and I were partners in a duo called Longbranch/Pennywhistle in 1969 and 1970, we played free gigs in the park, open-mic gigs at folk clubs, political rallies, an afternoon show at a Catholic girls high school (don't ask) and pass-the-hat gigs at even smaller folk clubs. In other words, we played everywhere for free. But we played our music. Our music.

The very first taste of what we used to call the "million-dollar future" was an arena show at the University of California, San Diego, opening for Cheech & Chong and Buffy Sainte-Marie. I have no idea how we got on that peculiar bill, but such were the times. Strange things were happening. Legendary producer-manager Lou Adler, who managed Cheech & Chong, flew us all down to San Diego in his Lear jet. It took 25 minutes. This was a trip that took two-and-a-half hours in my ailing Sunbeam Alpine, a beaten red roadster with no heater, to play for free at The Candy Company, where our pal Jack Tempchin ran an open-mic night. Not tonight!

On this auspicious occasion, we would be playing to thousands of people for the first time yet made the unusual decision to avail ourselves of a psychotropic substance about an hour prior to stage time (again … just don't ask). While the hallucinogen was beginning to round the edges in the locker room before the show, I started a new song with which to open our set. Glenn started strumming along, harmonizing the choruses, adding a great guitar figure, and just as we had the thing only slightly more under control than ourselves, Lou stuck his head in and said, "Guys, you're on." Really? We just stood there, guitars strapped on, each with a foot on a bench in our ragged Levi's and boots, staring numbly and wondering if we had gone too far. Then we both burst out laughing, and Glenn said. "OK, John David. Let's go for it!"

?So two best friends who lived in a run-down box in Echo Park stepped out into the big time for the first time. Before the largest audience either of us had seen, I stomped my right foot, Glenn flipped his hair, and we opened our set, high as the sky, with a song that hadn't existed an hour before. You need a real partner with big balls and a heart full of love to try that. We nailed it.

That's Glenn Frey. -- JD Souther

Singer-songwriter JD Souther co-wrote some of the Eagles' most beloved hits, including "Best of My Love," "Heartache Tonight" and "New Kid in Town." He has a recurring role as country legend Watty White on ABC TV's Nashville.

'Glenn Had This All Laid Out'

Back in 1973, the Eagles were interviewing producers to do their On the Border album. I was somewhat hesitant when both Joe Walsh and Irving Azoff said to me, "You've got to talk to the Eagles." I didn't want to make country records; I wanted to make rock albums. They said, "Well, they want to rock!"

Don Henley and Glenn Frey had a few specific questions for me when we met. Henley asked how many mics would I put on his drums. Their earlier producer, Glyn Johns, would only put like two or three, where I would put up to eight or nine -- so of course Henley was happy with that answer. Glenn wanted to know how long he could take on his guitar solos. I said, "As long as it takes." "Already Gone" was the very first track that I ever worked on with the band -- day one, track one. We ended up spending a good eight hours on all his lead parts. In the liner notes for The Very Best of the Eagles, Glenn paid me one of the greatest compliments I have ever received. He told Cameron Crowe that he "was much more comfortable in the studio with Bill, and he was more than willing to let everyone stretch a bit. 'Already Gone' -- that's me being happier; that's me being free."

When I came in to do On the Border, the Eagles were just starting to scratch the surface of what they could be. At some point, people thought Henley was the R&B guy and Glenn was the country guy. They got that backward. Even though Henley really appreciated R&B, he wasn't anywhere near as immersed in it as Glenn and I were. When they later made solo records, Henley made Cass County, whereas Glenn would do R&B. He and I were both from Michigan originally, and we were both complete R&B junkies, into all those great soul singers, from Otis Redding and Sam & Dave to all the Willie Mitchell records, things like that. He came out of that soul thing, but at the same time, he was in a country-rock band. It was the combination of those two things that was so distinctive in Glenn's voice.

One of Glenn's nicknames was Roach, and my nickname was Coach. I would take a bunch of great, obscure R&B singles and put them on a cassette, and I'd say, "You've got to listen to these" -- things that I knew that he hadn't heard. And he'd turn right around and send one to me. So we had these Coach-to-Roach and Roach-to-Coach cassettes going back and forth. That was our little club.

Glenn was the MC of the Eagles' shows, that's for sure. He was The Guy. I think Henley said it best in his statement: "He was the spark plug, the man with the plan." And that was true. I mean, Glenn had this all basically laid out, and to some degree, all of us were like, 'OK, we're along for the ride -- let's go.' " -- Bill Szymczyk

Beginning with 1974's On the Border, Bill Szymczyk produced or co-produced every Eagles studio album.

These tributes originally appeared in the .

Being A Pallbearer At A Funeral Pallbearers Or Pallbearers

krikasue

April 10, 2020

Being A Pallbearer At A Funeral Pallbearers Or Pallbearers

Q. I’ve been asked to be a pallbearer at a funeral. What exactly is a pallbearer supposed to do? How many are there? And do I have to say yes? Frankly, I’ve only seen pallbearers in movies or on TV.

Pallbearers carry or accompany the casket at a funeral. They are friends, relatives, professional or business associates of the deceased—or sometimes members of the religious congregation. Pallbearers who do not actually carry the coffin are called “honorary pallbearers.” In the latter case, funeral home personnel do the heavy lifting or the casket is rolled out. For example, pallbearers wheeled the coffin at Michael Jackson’s funeral in 2009.
Consider it an honor to be asked to be a pallbearer. And, yes, you should accept unless you are ill or have other physical limitations, or geography does not permit attendance. There might be six or eight pallbearers, although numbers vary. Abraham Lincoln had 22 pallbearers when he died in 1866. A 1915 photograph from the Cattle Raisers Museum in Fort Worth, Texas shows nine cowboy pallbearers on horseback at a funeral in Montana. The ten coffin bearers at John F. Kennedy’s funeral represented the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines and Coast Guard. At another funeral, the deceased’s thirteen grandchildren were pallbearers.

Pallbearers may serve at Jewish (especially Jewish Orthodox) funerals, as well as at church funerals. Some funerals have both pallbearers and honorary pallbearers. You’ll never see pallbearers at a memorial service, however, because there is no casket. The term “pallbearer” derives from the Latin word “pallium,” a cloth used to cover the deceased back in ancient Rome. Over time, “pallium” was shortened to “pall,” a (usually velvet) cloth that covers a coffin, bier or tomb. At a military funeral, the flag covers the casket.

Do arrive at the funeral early to allow time to receive instructions from the funeral home staff on how to proceed. For example, you may or may not be asked to help carry the casket to the hearse after the funeral. Similarly, you may or may not be expected to escort the casket from the hearse to the graveside. Plan to wear a dark suit and tie. For women, who may be among the pallbearers today, a conservative dress or navy or black suit is appropriate. As a pallbearer, you will be seated up front. It is customary for the family to send you a personal note of thanks at some time after the funeral.

If you have a question for Florence, please email her at .

, a new blog for bereaved spouses and partners.

Image Source: Flickr Creative Commons/ElvertBarnes

How To Say Pallbearer In Vietnamese Pallbearers Meaning In Tamil

krikasue

April 10, 2020

How To Say Pallbearer In Vietnamese Pallbearers Meaning In Tamil

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